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Xavier University Collection of the Seismological Observatory

 Collection
Identifier: XUA-137

Scope and Contents

The Xavier University Seismological Observatory collection contains materials related to the creation, administration and operation of the Seismological Observatory at Xavier University (Cincinnati, Ohio) throughout its history (1926-1970s). It includes correspondence and clippings relating to its operations as well as correspondence, publications, and clippings from its individual directors (1926-1975). Series 3 contains publications and clippings related to seismological organizations, including the Jesuit Seismological Association.

Dates

  • Creation: 1890 - 1975

Creator

Conditions Governing Access

This collection is open for research use. Materials must be viewed in the University Archives and Special Collections Research Room by appointment only.

Conditions Governing Use

Collection contains third party material for which Xavier University does not own copyright. Copyright law of the United States governs the reproduction of copyrighted material. The User assumes full responsibility for the fair use of materials requested in total compliance with the copyright law of the United States that may arise through the use of any requested materials.

Historical Sketch of the Xavier University Seismological Observatory

In 1925, James B. Macelwane, SJ, a seismologist at St. Louis University, wrote to Hubert Brockman, SJ, the president of Xavier University, about establishing a seismograph station on the Xavier campus. Father Brockman responded affirmatively. As a result, Xavier installed a seismographic vault in the basement of Schmidt Hall as the building was being constructed. In 1926, Xavier placed an order for 2 short-period and 2 long-period Wood-Anderson horizontal seismometers and a Wood-Anderson vertical apparatus with 5 recording drums. Daniel J. O’Conor, president of the Formica Co., contributed significantly to these purchases. In the summer of 1926, Vincent V. Herr, SJ, was appointed the director of Xavier’s Seismological Observatory with William J. Thiroff, SJ, as his assistant. In the fall of 1927, the newly installed equipment began to record data. Joseph Wilczewski, SJ, became the director of the Observatory with Clifford J. LeMay, SJ, as his assistant in June 1929. In August 1931, Father Wilczewski left Xavier and the Observatory was inactive until February 1932. As a result, the Observatory did not record the significant earthquake that occurred in Anna, County Shelby, Ohio on September 20, 1931. In 1932, Victor Stechschulte, SJ, (1893-1955) became director of the Observatory, which was immediately reactivated. Born in Leipsic, Ohio in 1893, he attended St. Louis University for his undergrad and then received his master's and doctorate from the University of California. On March 29, 1937, another earthquake occurred with an epicenter in Anna, Ohio and was recorded by the Xavier Seismological Observatory. Stechschulte also served as a professor of physics and director of the department of mathematics and physics. He remained director of the observatory until his death on March 3, 1955. Edward A. Bradley, SJ, came to Xavier to teach in the fall of 1957. Born in Cincinnati in 1923, he had attended St. Xavier High School before entering the Milford, Ohio Novitiate in 1941. He was ordained to the priesthood in 1954 at West Baden College, West Baden Springs, Indiana. He studied seismology at St. Louis University and John Carroll University. He became director of the Observatory in 1957, the position having been vacant for some months. Granted a leave of absence from Xavier, Bradley participated as a seismologist on a United States Navy expedition to Antarctic as part of Operation Deep Freeze II during the International Geophysical Year. He left Xavier in November 1957 and lived in Antarctica, based at Ellsworth Station which was located on the Filchner Ice Shelf of the Weddell Sea south of Cape Horn, from January 1958 to January 1959. Its purpose was to measure the thickness of the icecap that blankets that continent. While in Antarctica, he and his group made two long traverses over the ice, including a three-month, thousand-mile trek to Byrd Station using Snow-Cat tractors. Upon his return to Xavier, he gave lectures about his experience and returned to teaching physics. Sometime during his directorship of the Seismology Observatory, Father Bradley established a seismological station at the “Jesuit Farm” in Clermont County, Ohio. In 1975, Bradley was seriously injured in an automobile accident. After that he retired from the faculty and relinquished his position as director of the Seismological Observatory, which then ceased operations by the late 1970s. Bradley died in 1996. This historical sketch originates from the work of Thomas Kennealy, SJ.

Extent

.8 Cubic Feet (two manuscript boxes)

Language of Materials

English

Arrangement

This collection is arranged into three series: Series 1, Seismological Observatory administrative records; Series 2: Seismological Observatory director's papers; and Series 3: Seismology publications and organizations

Immediate Source of Acquisition

Some records found in University Archives holdings, with materials likely acquired by Xavier University Library over time. An accrual to the collection was transferred to University Archives on November 24, 2015, by Marca Kasselmann, Administrative Assistant of the Physics Department.

Related Materials

The following collections contain related archival materials:

  • XUA-66, Xavier University Department of Physics records, University Archives and Special Collections, Xavier University Library, Cincinnati, Ohio
  • XUA-120, Office of Marketing and Communications Xavier Magazine Records, University Archives and Special Collections, Xavier University Library, Cincinnati, Ohio
  • Biographical files, University Archives and Special Collections, Xavier University Library, Cincinnati, Ohio
  • Xavier University Photograph Collection, University Archives and Special Collections, Xavier University Library, Cincinnati, Ohio

Processing Information

Some of this collection was reprocessed into its current arrangement and description as part of a major University Archives reprocessing project that began in 2012-2013. This reprocessing project was largely an effort to disband a record group system, developed in the late 1970s, used to arrange university records. The record group scheme had been established by the first University Archivist, Lee Bennish, SJ, and chiefly organized materials by originating office and organizational structure. After Bennish’s tenure, oversight of the archives changed several times and resulted in a lack of adherence to the record group scheme for new acquisitions. The 2012-2013 processing project also sought to incorporate records for which little acquisition or contextual information existed. The project staff primarily reorganized records into subject-based collections. Occasionally subjects coincided with offices of origin (e.g. Subject, Presidents; Office, Office of the President; Collection, Xavier University President’s Office). This subject-based arrangement makes it difficult to identify or describe the collections by office of origin but administrative project records do indicate transfers and connections between original record groups and 2012-2013 collections. During the project, records were rehoused in archival folders and boxes, and new finding aids were created using the OhioLINK Finding Aid Creation Tool. As of 2017, University Archives no longer employs the 2012-2013 system of arranging collections by subject.

Title
Xavier University Collection of Seismological Observatory finding aid
Author
UASC Staff
Date
2024-05-20
Description rules
Describing Archives: A Content Standard
Language of description
English
Script of description
Latin

Repository Details

Part of the University Archives and Special Collections, Xavier University Library Repository

Contact:
3800 Victory Parkway
Cincinnati Ohio 45207 US
513-745-4821